Treatment of urinary bladder cancer resolved only Aastha Health Care Hospital, Mumbai, Mulund, India,

Another article about what is cancer…
What is the bladder? The bladder is a hollow muscular organ that stores urine. It is located in the pelvic region. The urine from the kidneys through the ureter passes and reaches the bladder. When the bladder is filled to a certain level, the nerves send signals to the brain and may feel the urge to urinate. What is bladder cancer? Normally, cells grow and divide to form new cells that the body needs. Cancer merely indicates towards a condition in which cells start multiplying in an abnormal way. These extra cells can form a mass of tissue called a growth or tumor. Tumors can be benign or malignant: bladder cancer refers to any of several types of malignant tumors of the urinary bladder. The process of invasion and spread to other organs is called metastasis. Bladder cancers are more likely to spread to nearby organs and lymph nodes before spreading through the bloodstream to the lungs, liver, bones or other organs. Bladder cancer affects 3 times more men than women. Types of bladder cancer: Urolithiasis is the medical term used to describe stones occurring in the urinary tract. Other terms used are urinary tract stones and nephrolithiasis. Doctors also use terms that describe the location of the stone in the urinary tract. For example, a ureteral stone (or Ureterolithiasis) is a kidney stone is located in the ureter. To keep things simple, however, the term "kidney stones" is used in this fact sheet. Types of stones include: The bladder wall is filled with cells called transitional cells and squamous cells. Over 90 percent of bladder cancers begin in the transitional cells. This type of bladder cancer is called transitional cell carcinoma. About 8 percent of patients with bladder cancer are squamous cell carcinomas. All squamous cell carcinomas are invasive. This means that gradually spread to deeper layers of the bladder wall, if not treated. At the time of these cancers are detected, they usually have already invaded the bladder wall. Many of the transitional cell carcinomas are not invasive. This means that there are more profound than the transition, or urothelial layer. Bladder cancers are classified or staged based on their aggressiveness and the degree to which differ from those of the tissue surrounding the bladder. There are several different ways to stage tumors. Recently, the TNM staging system has become common. This classification system contains several sub stages, but basically categorizes tumors using the following scale: Stage 0 – This is a non-invasive tumor limited to the mucosa of the bladder. Cancer that is only in the cells lining the bladder is called superficial bladder cancer. The doctor may call carcinoma in situ. This type of bladder cancer often comes after treatment. If this happens, the disease most often recurs in another kind of superficial bladder cancer. Stage I – Tumor extends through the walls, but does not extend to the muscle layer. Cancer that begins as a superficial tumor may grow through the wall and into the muscular wall of the bladder. This is known as invasive cancer. Invasive cancer may extend through the bladder wall. It can grow in a nearby organ such as the uterus or vagina (in women) or prostate gland (in men). It can also invade the wall of the abdomen. Stage II – In this sense, the tumor invades the muscle layer of the bladder. Stage III – Tumor extends beyond the muscular tissue surrounding the bladder. Stage IV – In this, the cancer has spread to regional lymph nodes or distant sites (metastasis). When bladder cancer spreads outside the bladder, cancer cells are often found in nearby lymph nodes. If the cancer has reached these nodes, cancer cells may have spread to lymph nodes or other organs including the lungs, liver or bones. When cancer spreads (metastasizes) from its original place to another body part, the new tumor has the same kind of abnormal cells and the same name as the primary tumor. For example, if bladder cancer spreads to the lungs, the cancer cells in the lungs are actually bladder cancer cells. The disease is metastatic bladder cancer, not lung cancer. Is treated as bladder cancer, not lung cancer. What are the causes? There is a particular cause, which has been discovered. However, studies have found the following risk factors for bladder cancer: Age-The chance of getting bladder cancer increases as people age. People under 40 rarely get this disease. Snuff snuff consumption is a major risk factor. Smokers are two to three times more likely than nonsmokers to get bladder cancer. Pipe and cigar smokers are also at higher risk. Occupation-Some workers have an increased risk of bladder cancer due to carcinogens in the workplace. Workers in rubber, chemical and leather industries are at risk. So are hairdressers, mechanics, metal workers, printers, painters, textile workers, and truckers. Infection-Being infected with certain parasites increases the risk of bladder cancer. These parasites are common in the tropics. Medicines, cyclophosphamide or arsenic are used to treat cancer and certain other conditions. That increase the risk of bladder cancer. Approximately 20% of bladder cancers occur in patients without predisposing risk factors. Bladder cancer is not currently believed to be hereditary (ie, no "family" as a result of a specific genetic abnormality). What are the symptoms? The symptoms described below are not sure signs of bladder cancer. Infections, benign tumors, bladder stones or other problems can also cause these symptoms. This cover of these symptoms, consult a urologist or a correct diagnosis. Moreover most of the symptoms listed below may be associated with bladder cancer, but may also be associated with noncancerous conditions. However, the medical evaluation is critical. * * Blood in urine increased urinary frequency or incontinence * Painful urination * Additional symptoms of urinary urgency that may be associated with this disease are bone pain or tenderness, abdominal pain, anemia, weight loss, lethargy (tiredness) . The disadvantages of surgery surgery bladder cancer can affect a person's sexual function. Because the surgeon removes the uterus and ovaries of radical cystectomy, women are unable to become pregnant. Also, menopause occurs at once. If the surgeon removes part of the vagina during a radical cystectomy, sexual intercourse can be difficult. In the past, almost all men were impotent after radical cystectomy, but improvements in surgery have made it possible for some men to avoid this problem. Men who have had their prostate gland and seminal vesicles removed no longer produce semen, so they have dry orgasms. Men who want children may consider sperm banking before surgery or sperm retrieval later. For more information on the Treatment of Bladder Cancer, please visit: http://www. aasthahealthcare. com / Bladder Cancer-treatment. htm ————————————
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